Type-C规范速览:两分钟掌握Type-C接口使用要点
Type-C是一种USB接口外形标准,全称为USB Type-C。它由USB Implementers Forum(USB-IF)推出,旨在取代传统的USB Micro-B和USB-A接口。Type-C接口具有多项显著的特点和优势,使其在现代电子设备中得到了广泛的应用。
接口定义
如下为母座和公座的接口pin功能示意图,pin功能左右“对称”,这也是Type-C接口支持正反插的原因所在。
一个全功能的Type-C接口包含如下功能:USB3.0及以上的超高速信号接口、USB2.0高速接口、CC logic接口、Alt mode中常用作音视频功能的SBU信号接口,如下图为典型的逻辑框图,目前高端一点的平台,已经全部集成了如下接口功能。
Configuration Proces(配置过程)
Source-to-Sink attach/detach detect -- CC pin端接电阻的检测
Plug orientation/cable twist detection -- CC1/2 正反插确认
Initial power (Source-to-Sink) detection and establishing the data (Host-to-Device) relationship -- CC 用于正常USB枚举之前的电源和数据的关系建立:DFP/UFP/DRP
USB Type-C VBUS current detection and usage -- 通过CC pin来调整电流
USB PD communication
Discovery and configuration of functional extensions
典型Source-Sink连接方式
①DFP:下行端口,可以理解为一个Host,DFP作为source给VBUS和vcon供电的,简单理解为一个提供电源的设备,如:电源适配器。
②UFP:上行端口,可以理解为Device,UFP可以理解为受电端口,DFP为供电端口,UFP从VBUS中取电,并可提供数据。典型设备如:U盘、移动硬盘。
③DRP:双角色端口,DRP既可以做DFP又可以做UFP,也可以在DFP和UFP间动态切换,典型设备是:笔记本电脑。
CC接口状态(Ra/Rd)
通过检测CC接口的状态,即悬空,还是Rd或者Ra电阻,可以确定sink设备的状态和类型。
Rp/Rd/Ra阻值要求
在Type-C规范中,对Rp/Rd/Ra的阻值是有一定要求的,用来配置不同的电流和功能。
Source & Sink插拔检测行为
如下为Source和Sink端检测各类设备[敏感词]和拔出的流程行为。
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