WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing - Ideal for High-speed Optical Fiber Transmission Expansion
Ⅰ. The role of WDM wavelength division multiplexing
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) wavelength division multiplexing system mainly provides an easy-to-implement solution for long-distance transmission of high-speed and large-capacity information, which is convenient for the transmission expansion of communication networks.
The traditional optical transmission method is that an optical fiber can only transmit signals of one wavelength at a time, while WDM realizes the transmission of two or more optical wavelength signals on a single optical fiber.
WDM mainly realizes wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing through multiplexers and demultiplexers. At the transmitting end, multiple wavelength signals are multiplexed together through the multiplexer, and then coupled to the same fiber for transmission; at the receiving end At end, the optical signals of different wavelengths are separated by a demultiplexer to restore the original signal. The wavelength division multiplexer has the functions of multiplexing and demultiplexing at the same time. In long-distance transmission, in order to enhance the optical signal in the transmission process, an optical amplifier can also be used in the middle to avoid the weakening of the optical signal transmission.
The characteristic indicators of WDM include insertion loss, return loss, polarization loss, channel isolation, operating temperature, etc., and the two most important characteristic indicators are insertion loss and isolation. Insertion loss refers to the attenuation caused by the insertion of the WDM filter into the optical transmission system. The lower the insertion loss, the better. Isolation refers to the degree of interference of one channel signal to another channel, and the higher the isolation, the better.
Ⅱ. The characteristics of WDM wavelength division multiplexing:
1. Double the transmission capacity. The characteristics of WDM make it possible to make full use of the bandwidth resources of the optical fiber so that the transmission capacity of one optical fiber is many times higher than that of a single wavelength. With a channel rate of 10Gbit/s or 2.5Gbit/s, the number of WDM channels can reach more than 32, ensuring that the transmission capacity can reach 300~400Gbit/s.
2. Good compatibility. WDM has good compatibility with different signals. When transmitting signals of different natures such as image, data, and voice, each wavelength is independent of the other and does not interfere with each other, ensuring the transparency of transmission.
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