Seven Core Performances of 5G Cellular Routers

PublishTime： 2023-11-02 Article Source：usr News

The 5g cellular router is a wireless data transmission function provided for users by using a public wireless network. How to choose a good 5G cellular router is not so simple, so what is the performance of a good 5G cellular router? What are the seven core features of a 5G cellular router?

Throughput of 5g cellular router

Throughput is the packet forwarding capability of the core routers. Throughput is related to the number of router ports, port speed, packet length, packet type, route calculation mode (distributed or centralized), and test method, and generally refers to the ability of the processor to process packets. The packet forwarding capability of the high-speed router is at least 20Mpps. The throughput mainly includes two aspects:

1. Throughput of complete machine

The whole equipment refers to the packet forwarding capability of the whole equipment, which is an important indicator of the equipment's performance. 5G cellular router works by routing based on IP headers or MPLS labels, so the performance metric is the number of packets forwarded per second. The overall throughput is usually less than the sum of the throughput of all the ports of the core router.

2. Port throughput

Port throughput refers to the packet forwarding capability of a port, which is the packet forwarding capability of a core router on a port. Two identical rate test interfaces are typically used. Generally, the test interface may be related to the interface position and relationship. For example, the throughput value of the test between ports on the same card may be different from that between ports on different cards.

Routing table capability of 5g cellular router

Routers typically rely on established and maintained routing tables to make decisions about packet forwarding. The 5g cellular router routing table capability refers to the limit of the number of routing entries held in the routing table. Because the core routers that implement the BGP protocol on the Internet usually have hundreds of thousands of routing table entries, this project is also an important manifestation of the router's capabilities. In general, high-speed core routers should be able to support at least 250,000 routes, with an average of at least 2 paths per destination address, and the system must support at least 25 BGP peers and at least 50 IGP neighbors.

Backplane capability of 5g cellular router

The backplane is the physical path between the input and output ports. Backplane capability is the internal implementation of the core router. The traditional core router uses a shared backplane, but as a high-performance router, it will inevitably encounter congestion problems, and it is difficult to design a high-speed shared bus. Therefore, the existing high-speed core router generally uses a switchable backplane design. The backplane capability can be reflected in the router throughput, and the backplane capability is usually greater than the value calculated based on the throughput and the test packet length. However, the backplane capability can only be reflected in the design and generally cannot be tested.

Back-to-back frames for 5g cellular router

The number of back-to-back frames is the number of packets sent with the maximum number of packets at the minimum frame interval without causing packet loss. This metric is used to test the cache capability of the core router. For core routers with wire-speed full-duplex forwarding capability, the value of this indicator is infinite.

The packet loss rate of 5g cellular router

Packet loss rate refers to the proportion of packets that cannot be forwarded due to a lack of resources to the packets that should be forwarded by the core router under a stable continuous load. The packet loss rate is often used as a measure of the performance of the core router when the router is overloaded. The packet loss rate is related to the packet length and the packet sending frequency. In some environments, it can be tested and simulated after adding a route jitter or a large number of routes.

Latency of 5g cellular router

Latency is the time between the first bit of a packet entering the router and the last bit exiting the core router. This time interval is the processing time of a core router operating in store-and-forward mode. Delay is related to both the packet length and the link rate, and is usually tested in the range of router port throughput. The delay has a great impact on network performance. As a high-speed router, in the worst case, the delay of IP packets of 1518 bytes and below is required to be less than 1 ms.

Delay jitter of 5g cellular router

Delay jitter refers to delay variation. Data services are not sensitive to delay jitter, so this index is usually not used as an important index to measure high-speed core routers. For other services on IP except for data, such as voice and video services, it is necessary to test this index.

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