Bluetooth and UWB Indoor Positioning Solution

PublishTime： 2022-05-14 Article Source：SKYLAB

GPS satellite signals cannot be positioned indoors and are easily interfered by various radio signals. In order to realize indoor location service, the current mainstream indoor location relies on wireless communication technology. Such as Bluetooth technology, WiFi technology, ultra-wideband technology and so on.

Future smart manufacturing, smart city, and smart building applications will all rely on indoor high-precision positioning capabilities.

1、Bluetooth indoor positioning solution

Bluetooth positioning is based on the RSSI positioning principle.

Bluetooth indoor technology utilizes several Bluetooth LAN access points installed indoors. The network is then maintained in a multi-user-based basic network connection mode. And ensure that the Bluetooth LAN access point is always the master device of this piconet. Finally, the user's location information is obtained by measuring the signal strength.

There are four types of Bluetooth positioning solutions:

◆Active positioning scheme based on Bluetooth Beacon

◆Passive positioning scheme based on Bluetooth gateway

◆Active and passive integrated positioning scheme based on Bluetooth gateway + Bluetooth industrial card

◆Bluetooth AOA positioning scheme based on Bluetooth AOA base station.

(1) Active positioning solution based on Bluetooth Beacon

The solution consists of end devices and beacons. The specific positioning principle is to deploy the Bluetooth beacon in the area that needs to be positioned. Generally, at least 3 Bluetooth beacon beacons need to be laid. The positioning algorithm requires knowing the RSSI values of at least three points to accurately calculate the positioning.

◆Bluetooth Beacon will broadcast a data packet to the surroundings every 100 milliseconds;

◆People carry terminal equipment such as smartphones into the coverage of the Bluetooth beacon signal. When the smartphone starts scanning. Then it will receive the data packets broadcast by the Bluetooth Beacon at intervals.

◆The broadcast packet will indicate which Bluetooth beacon slave comes from the MAC address and the current RSSI value of the received and sent signal strength. The RSSI value is the basis for determining the distance between the Bluetooth host location and the Bluetooth Beacon.

◆Through the built-in positioning algorithm of the mobile phone, and the interaction with the map engine database. We can calculate the current specific location of the Bluetooth host (smartphone).

(2) Passive positioning solution based on Bluetooth gateway

It consists of Bluetooth gateway, Bluetooth positioning tag (Bluetooth work card, Bluetooth Beacon, Bluetooth watch), terminal (mobile phone), wireless local area network and back-end data server.

The specific positioning process is:

◆Deploy the Bluetooth gateway in the area that needs to be located

◆When the user who holds the Bluetooth terminal device enters the coverage area of the Bluetooth gateway signal, the Bluetooth gateway can sense the broadcast signal of the Bluetooth bracelet.

◆Then measure the RSSI value of the Bluetooth bracelet and transmit it to the WiFi module in the gateway through the serial port.

◆Bluetooth gateway transmits to back-end data server through wifi network.

◆ Calculate the specific location of the Bluetooth bracelet through the built-in positioning algorithm of the server. The back-end server can send the location information to the user through the network.

(3) Active and passive integrated positioning scheme based on Bluetooth gateway + Bluetooth work card

It consists of Bluetooth 5.0 gateway, Bluetooth positioning tag (Bluetooth 5.0 work card, Bluetooth Beacon, Bluetooth watch and other Bluetooth tags), as well as POE switch, positioning engine algorithm, vector map, application server, positioning monitoring device display, etc.

Specific positioning process:

◆Beacon works in the broadcast state, and broadcasts its own MAC address, power and other information;

◆Bluetooth 5.0 work card scans and collects the broadcast information of Beacon, and forwards the broadcast information of Beacon to the Bluetooth 5.0 gateway VDB2603 through Bluetooth;

◆The Bluetooth 5.0 gateway collects the information of the work card, and sends the Beacon information forwarded by the Bluetooth 5.0 work card to the CLE positioning server through WiFi wireless mode or RJ45 wired mode (choose one of the two methods);

◆The CLE location server calculates the location of the Bluetooth 5.0 worker card by running the location positioning engine algorithm according to the information of the 5.0 worker card and Beacon, and the terminal display software displays the location information of the Bluetooth 5.0 worker card, which can realize real-time location tracking, Track playback, electronic fence and other functions.

(4) Bluetooth AOA positioning scheme based on Bluetooth AOA base station

It consists of a Bluetooth AOA base station and a Bluetooth AOA positioning tag.

Specific positioning principle:

Bluetooth AOA positioning is a new indoor positioning technology. The Bluetooth 5.1 standard introduced the AoA feature. AOA positioning is a Bluetooth positioning algorithm based on the angle of arrival of the Bluetooth signal. The direction of arrival of the signal from the transmitting node is sensed through the array antenna, and the relative azimuth or angle between the receiving node and the transmitting node is calculated. The location of the unknown node is then calculated using triangulation or other means.

2、UWB indoor positioning solution

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning technology is a brand-new new technology that is very different from traditional communication positioning technology.

It uses the pre-arranged anchor nodes and bridge nodes with known positions to communicate with the newly added blind nodes. It also uses the TDOA/TWR/TOF/PDOA positioning algorithm to measure the transmission delay difference between different base stations and mobile terminals. to locate.

Features of Bluetooth and UWB Indoor Positioning Solution

Features of SKYLAB's active positioning solution based on Bluetooth Beacon:

The device is small in size, short distance, and has low power consumption. The devices send and receive push notifications continuously, and the current location of the mobile phone holder can be obtained at any time.

Bluetooth positioning is simple to implement, and the positioning accuracy is closely related to the laying density and transmission power of Bluetooth Beacon beacons; the passive positioning scheme is based on the Bluetooth gateway.

Features of UWB positioning solution:

The signal can easily penetrate the common obstacles, and can accurately locate the distance. Therefore, it can be used to build a wireless positioning system with strong communication and ranging and positioning functions.

Application Field of Bluetooth and UWB Indoor Positioning Solution

SKYLAB Bluetooth positioning is mainly used for the indoor positioning of people and objects.

◆Indoor positioning and navigation

◆Marketing path planning

◆Indoor reverse car search

◆Precise location marketing

◆Personnel tracking and positioning

◆Intelligent attendance

◆Access control system

◆Asset positioning

SKYLAB(天工测控) UWB positioning is mainly used in indoor high-precision positioning. It is used to obtain the location information of people or objects within a certain spatial range. At the same time, it is applied to indoor precise positioning and navigation in various fields.

◆Tunnel personnel positioning

◆Prison personnel positioning

◆Chemical plant personnel positioning

◆Location of factory personnel

◆Coal mine personnel positioning

◆Location of construction site personnel

◆Positioning of power plant personnel

◆Location of nursing home personnel

◆Exhibition staff positioning

◆Location of computer room personnel

◆Airport personnel positioning

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