Polarization Crosstaik in PM Fiber
■Polarization crosstalk in a PM fiber arises from three principal causes. 1) Fiber axis misalignment at fiber connection interfaces, such as connectors or fusion splices, typically causes extremely localized, large-amplitude crosstalk. The amplitude depends on the misalignment angle. Examples are shown on the left side of Fig. 1. Fig. 1a shows crosstalk sources along a fiber, and Fig. 1b shows the resulting crosstalk measurement plot. 2) PM fiber imperfections, such as local birefringence variations, internal shape variations, or internal stress； cause polarization coupling that is generally small in amplitude and occurs gradually over a certain length of the PM fiber (see center section of Fig. 1). 3) External mechanical stresses on sections of the fiber, such as fiber bending, fiber crossing, fiber squeezing, or pressure on the fiber, can cause complicated composite crosstalk effects that can include polarization couplings that occur at sharp points in space； as well as some that occur gradually along a length of fiber, with varied amplitudes that depend on the stress orientations with respect to the slow axis and on the stress intensities, as shown in the right section of Fig. 1.
●Classification of polarization crosstalk by measurement results
■ In general, the PXA-1000 distributed polarization crosstalk analyzer can accurately measure the strength of polarization crosstalk occurring at different locations along a fiber with a spatial resolution of a few centimeters. Although the causes of the crosstalk cannot always be identified from measurement results, educated guesses can be made based on the shape and strength of the measured crosstalk at each location. It is also feasible to classify the crosstalk based on the shapes of the measured curves； as discussed below.
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Please see the document for details |
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English Chinese Chinese and English Japanese |
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2013/4/17 |
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2.3 MB |
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