Durometer vs. Compression Force Deflection: Which is Better?

2019-06-18

Durometer vs. Compression Force Deflection: Which is Better?
Various methods are used in industry to determine the firmness or hardness characteristic of a material. One of the most popular methods for measuring this property is durometer, primarily used for solid materials over a range of hardnesses. Rogers uses Compression Force Deflection (CFD) to represent the firmness of its foam products. Both measurements are common within the gasketing industry and are based on established ASTM guidelines and methods. DUROMETER:
Durometer is measured on a scale of Shore hardness such as Shore A, D, and O. The different Shore types dictate the shape and size of the testing plunger that is pressed into the material to determine the hardness. Shore type is chosen by the material classification and general hardness of the material. For example, Shore A and D are used for elastomeric and rubber materials, A for the softer types, and D for the harder. The test plunger applies a load to a small point on the material (see diagram) and generally assumes relative uniformity of the hardness of the surface of the test sample.
CFD:
Compression Force Deflection is a method that compresses the entirety of a material sample (generally about 10 cm) and records the amount of force (stress) that the sample exerts at different levels of compression strain. This allows a more exact determination of firmness at different compression levels (see chart). The larger size of the sample allows a more accurate measure of the normalized compression force deflection over a wider area.

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