How Developers Can Effectively Leverage MPUs with an RTOS
●This whitepaper describes Memory Protection Unit (MPU) concepts and how developers can understand their benefits and how to use them effectively.
●Summary
■A Memory Protection Unit (MPU) is hardware that limits the access to memory and peripheral devices to only the code that needs to access those resources. If a task attempts to access a memory location or a peripheral device outside of its allotted space, then a CPU exception is triggered, and depending on the application, corrective actions must be taken.
■The MPU found in a Cortex-M MCU is a fairly simple device and relatively easy to configure. However, the complexity in using the MPU is more oriented toward the allocation of storage (mostly RAM) by process and the creation of MPU process tables that will be loaded into the MPU during a context switch. I provided a list of recommendations that would make better use of an MPU in your application.
■Software alone cannot prevent access to memory or peripheral devices not assigned to tasks in an RTOS environment. You need hardware to accomplish this, and the MPU is currently the only mechanism available on the Cortex-M (Armv7-M) that can do that.
■Migrating an application to use the MPU is a fairly easy but tedious process. Adding an MPU will also impose overhead on your application: you have additional registers to load during a context switch, and user code should run in non-privileged mode to avoid having such code alter the MPU settings.
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