CONTENTS
Viewpoint
Motivation and Inspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Blue Product of the Month
Future AC Variable Speed Drive Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Guest Editorial
Approaches to Optimizing DC-DC Power Design,
Without Compromise
By Mark Cieri, Director of Marketing and Dr. Ahmed Abou-Alfotouh,
Manager, Systems Architecture Group, Enpirion . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-15
Market
Electronics Industry Digest
By Aubrey Dunford, Europartners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Market
Darnell’s Report
By Linnea Brush, Senior Analyst, Darnell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-19
Cover Story
1mW Isolated DC/DC Converter
By Milan Marjanovic & Matthias Ulmann, Texas Instruments . . 20-22
Thermal Management
Keep Cool
By Rainer Selisko, Mersen Germany and Austria . . . . . . . . . . . 24-25
Power Modules
First Principle Optimization of Power Module Baseplate
By Ivonne Benzler, Indrajit Paul and Frank Broermann,
Infineon Technologies AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-28
Diodes
One More Way to increase the Recovery Softness
of Fast High-Voltage Diodes
By Chernikov A. A., Gubarev V. N., Stavtsev A. V.,
Surma A. M., Vetrov I. Y., Proton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30-37
IGBTs
IGBTs in Reverse Gear
By Stefan Schuler, Development Engineer
and André Müller, BA student, SEMIKRON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-40
Alternative Energy
Energy Harvesting Systems Power the Powerless
By Bakul Damle and Moe Rubenzahl,
Maxim Integrated Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42-43
Communication Power
High Efficiency Server Power Solutions
for Data Centre and Cloud Computing
By Daniel Lenskold, Sr. Manager Strategic Business Development
and Marketing; Integrated Device Technology Inc. . . . . . . . . . . 44-46
New Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48-56
Toshiba’s innovative family of DTMOS power MOSFETs are now available not only with a maximum
Vdss rating of 600V but also with 650V. The range makes your solutions more efficient, thanks to
faster switching speed, linked with optimized RDS(on) x Q(g) performance.
Our compact smart isolation TO220SIS package combined with the copper connector technology, have
made the Toshiba DTMOS MOSFETs hard to resist. And, if you need higher power, our TO-3P(N) package
are available too.
Visit us today at www.toshiba-components.com/power
TOSHIBA’S COMPACT SUPER JUNCTION
POWER MOSFETS - OPTIMIZED RDS(on) x Qg
AND RUGGED CHIPS
SCAN ME
44 Bodo´s Power Systems
®
January 2012 www.bodospower.com
Since introducing an initial concept one year
ago, IDT has now completed the first sys-
tem-ready prototypes of its coolRAC compo-
nents. These include a 480VAC 3-phase
input/50VAC output PSU Silverbox, 300W
50VAC input/5VDC output Synchronous
Rectifier, and a 5VDC input/1VDC output
Voltage Regulator Module (VRM). A 3.6kW
Server Power Demonstration System shows
the functionality of the power conversion
components in a server-like application.
This article describes IDT’s coolRAC demon-
stration system and its performance in sup-
porting the global need for higher efficiency
in data centre and cloud computing applica-
tions.
The coolRAC Demonstration System con-
sists of a 20U 19” standard rack, two PSU
Silverboxes, and six power blades (five with
5V loads and one with VRMs and 1V loads).
The backplane was designed to show that a
low cost two-layer, two ounce copper PCB
backplane was sufficient to supply the
required power at high efficiency for this
demonstration. A LabVIEW
interface was used to moni-
tor power at critical points in
the system and to control the
PSU and blade system con-
figuration and power levels.
VRM
Beginning at the end of the
power chain, or the point-of-
load conversion, the core
voltage conversion is done
by a VR12.x Intel standard or
equivalent, 6-phase PWM
Buck controller. It is widely
known that if the input volt-
age to the controller is reduced from 12V to
5V a significant boost in efficiency can be
realised. The efficiency boost achieved ver-
sus the typical 12VDC to 1.0VDC conversion
is ~3%. The 5VDC to 1VDC VRM was
designed using coupled inductor technology.
In addition to high efficiency, this approach
significantly reduces the need for output bulk
capacitors and reduces overall solution size.
The point-of-load conversion could also be
achieved using a Voltage Regulator Down
(VRD) implementation if the board area and
the design expertise are available. The
coolRAC demonstration system utilises six
VRMs on one of the power blades in order
to show the overall system efficiency, to the
1VDC output of the VRM. The efficiency of
all six VRMs running in parallel on this blade
is over 95%
Synchronous Rectifier
The 300W Synchronous Rectifiers (SR)
should reside as close to the load (i.e.
processor, memory, ASIC, etc) as possible.
This is recommended in order to minimize
the I2R losses, and to achieve the highest
efficiency possible, on the 5VDC (SR output)
bus. The SR converts the 50VAC 100KHz
backplane voltage to 5VDC at 98% efficien-
cy. The SR configuration is centre tap with
secondary side control using a 10:1:1 trans-
former ratio.
Backplane
Backplane losses are very low using a
50VAC 100kHz AC distribution voltage - typi-
cally less than 1%. Also, 50VAC is overall
much safer than technologies such as
400VDC or 48VDC distribution. 50VAC
was chosen as a safe operating level that
also provided very low losses on the back-
plane. For higher power solutions, addition-
al layers of copper can be added, the back-
plane voltage can be increased, or a combi-
nation of the two can be implemented.
Power Supply Unit/Silver box
The Front-end PSU Silver box was designed
for 3.6kW maximum output power. This
power level provides a building block for sat-
COMMUNICATION POWER
Bodo´s Power Systems
®
January 2012 www.bodospower.com
High Efficiency Server
Power Solutions for Data Centre and Cloud Computing Applications
Move Closer to Production
High efficiency cabinet or rack-level architecture power solutions are necessary to
improve the overall power efficiency of systems that perform the increasing number of
data centre and cloud computing applications. Power architectures such as IDT’s cool-
RAC include an AC/AC PSU front end, backplane, AC/DC Synchronous Rectifiers, and
DC/DC VRM. Such systems demonstrate near 90% overall efficiency.
By Daniel Lenskold, Sr. Manager Strategic Business Development and Marketing;
Integrated Device Technology Inc.
Picture 1: coolRAC Demonstration System
Figure 1: Demonstration System Block Diagram